great lakes dredge remediation divestiture

Understanding how AOC governance processes consider representation of, and benefit to communities negotiating remediation decisions from positions of systemic disadvantage requires addressing the relationship between ecosystem-centered governance modes and environmental justice. Yet, in AOCs, discussions of public engagement regarding AOC work tend to define participation institutionally (i.e., the state, market, and civil society) rather than by racial or socioeconomic inclusivity. Although the action preceded formal environmental injustice acknowledgment, the AOC program's effort to remediate legacy pollutants includes language with the potential to accomplish core goals of EJ: democratizing decision-making and reducing disproportionate environmental burden. In North America, Great Lakes Areas of Concern (AOCs) were established to remediate aquatic pollution in 1987 as part of a binational agreement between the United State of America and Canada. 4Center of Economic Urban Studies, National University of General San Martin, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

3Department of Urban and Regional Planning, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, United States.2Center for Geospatial Analytics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.

1Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.

Great lakes dredge remediation divestiture